Drug abuse is a serious issue that can have devastating consequences on an individual's physical and mental health. Fortunately, there are a variety of treatment options available to help those struggling with addiction. Detoxification is usually the first step of treatment, which involves removing a substance from the body and limiting withdrawal reactions. After detox, individuals can move on to other stages of treatment, such as individual therapy, support groups, 12-step meetings, or an outpatient treatment program.
In addition, medicines are available for the treatment of opioid addiction (heroin, prescription pain relievers), tobacco (nicotine) and alcohol. The transtheoretical model created by Prochaska, DiClemente and Norcross in 1983 was updated in 1992 and is now used in clinical settings for a variety of behaviors. This model outlines the stages of change that occur as people progress through major behavior change. People may get stuck in the precontemplation stage due to lack of information about addictive behaviors or disappointment with multiple failed attempts at recovery and treatment options.
However, anyone can recover from any stage with the right help and support. When beginning a treatment program, a person's history of alcohol and drug use will be taken and an individualized treatment plan will be developed. It is important to note that addiction treatment should be personalized to each person's particular situation. Aftercare is also essential for long-term success; we recommend staying in some form of aftercare for at least one to two years after completing a rehabilitation program.
Late-stage treatment focuses on identifying the benefits of treatment that should be maintained and the risks that persist. Residential treatment centers can use a variety of therapeutic approaches and are usually aimed at helping the patient live a drug-free and crime-free lifestyle after treatment. Long-term treatment programs for addictive and substance-related disorders can be very effective and generally focus on remaining drug-free and resuming role within social, professional and family responsibilities. Although there is no cure for drug addiction, the right combination of treatments can help individuals overcome an addiction and stay drug-free. Step-by-Step Guides for Finding Treatment for Drug Use Disorders (PDF) are available for adults, teens, or people helping someone addicted to drugs.
The doctor will also treat or refer for treatment any physical complications that have developed, such as liver disease in a person with alcohol use disorder or breathing problems in people who are addicted to substances who have smoked.
